Personal Pronouns
Personal
pronouns include the universal first, second and third person. The
second person singular pronoun has both polite and intimate forms,
much like old English 'you' and 'thou'. The intimate forms are only
used by husband and wife, lovers and close friends, and near
relatives. The second person plural pronoun has no such distinction.
The
following table declines the personal pronouns.
Singular
(I, you, he, she, it) |
Singular
Intimate
(you) |
Plural
(we, you, they, they, those) |
|
---|---|---|---|
Nominative,
Genitive
|
im,
su, fe, ne, se
-
|
du
-
|
imer,
sur, fer, ner, ser
-er
[-r]
|
Accusative,
Dative
|
ima,
sua, fa, na, sa
-a
|
dua
-a
|
imern,
suren, fern, nern, sern
-ern
[-rn, irreg. -ren]
|
Note that fe/ne/se (he/she/it) are irregular, in that the final vowel assimilates the accusative/dative ending rather than joining it as a double vowel sound (as with "you": su/sua). Other pronouns decline the same way as the regular personal pronouns. The
second person singular intimate form, of course, does not exist among
the non-personal pronouns.
Definite Articles
There
are no indefinite articles in Elefdar; the indefinite article is
assumed, unless the definite article is used. The definite article
always declines to the same case and number as its connected noun.
The definite articles are declined in the next table.
Single | Plural | |
---|---|---|
Nominative,
Genitive
|
da
-
|
dar
-er
[-r]
|
Accusative,
Dative
|
da
-a
[-]
|
darn
-ern
[-rn]
|
By
virtue of the nominal declensions, there is no specific word order
prescribed in the Elefdar tongue when constructing phrases and
sentences. Rather, the importance of certain words in the phrase or
sentence is what determines their position. If the subject is of
paramount importance, then it will be placed at the head of the
phrase. But if the object is considered by the speaker to be more
important, then it will be placed at the head. Generally, the subject
and object will be separated at least by the verb, and possibly by
other things like the indirect object – but this is not always the
case. It is also possible to emphasize a word by placing it at the
end of a sentence or phrase – thus, the verb could be placed at the
end, following any combination of subject, object, and modifiers.
No comments:
Post a Comment